 Suicide is defined as the intentional act of ending one’s own life through self-inflicted harm. A suicide attempt occurs when an individual engages in self-destructive behavior with the intention of dying, but survives the act. The aftermaths of suicide and attempted suicide extend beyond the individual, impacting emotional, physical, and economic spheres. Survivors of suicide attempts may face severe, long-term injuries that affect their overall health and may also encounter persistent mental health issues such as depression. Additionally, the effects ripple out to affect friends, family members, co-workers, and the wider community. Those left behind often grapple with prolonged grief, shock, anger, guilt, and symptoms of depression or anxiety. In some cases, they may even experience suicidal thoughts themselves.
Statistical data underscores the gravity of this issue. Nigeria reports the highest rates of suicide and depression in Africa, with a suicide rate of 9.50 per 100,000 people. On a global scale, approximately 700,000 individuals die by suicide each year. Factors leading individuals to contemplate suicide can include overwhelming sadness or grief, feelings of shame or worthlessness, intense guilt, rage, or a desire to seek revenge. Individuals may also perceive themselves as a burden, feel that their lives lack value, believe that their situation will never improve, or endure severe emotional or physical pain. World Suicide Prevention Day (WSPD), established in 2003 by the International Association for Suicide Prevention and the World Health Organization (WHO), is observed annually on September 10. This day aims to spotlight the issue of suicide, reduce stigma, and enhance awareness among governments, organizations, and the public, conveying a unified message that suicide is preventable. The theme for World Suicide Prevention Day for the triennium 2024-2026 is "Changing the Narrative on Suicide," with the call to action "Start the Conversation." This theme emphasizes the importance of shifting the discourse surrounding suicide from one of silence and stigma to one of openness, understanding, and proactive support. By fostering a culture of dialogue, the initiative seeks to enhance awareness and ultimately prevent suicide. Source: WHO
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